| Specification | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1: From 2017 onwards including Academies of sciences (programme of academies). 2: Institutes at institutions of higher education are legally independent facilities which are linked to the latter. | |||
| Federal institutions performing research and development | 1,663 | 1,627 | 1,668 |
| Institutions of the Länder and local governments performing research and development (excluding Leibniz Association) | 234 | 229 | 235 |
| Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres | 5,416 | 5,372 | 5,968 |
| Institutions of the Max Planck Society | 2,110 | 2,414 | 2,563 |
| Institutions of the Fraunhofer Society | 2,881 | 3,117 | 3,342 |
| Institutions of the Leibniz Association ("Blue List") | 1,773 | 1,898 | 1,957 |
| Other private non-profit institutions which receive public funding1 | 2,133 | 2,379 | 2,228 |
| Public libraries, archives, specialised information centres (excluding Leibniz Association) | 66 | 43 | 66 |
| Libraries, archives, specialised information centres which receive public funding (excluding Leibniz Association) | 44 | 47 | 52 |
| Scientific museums (excluding Leibniz Association) | 440 | 481 | 495 |
| Institutions total | 16,761 | 17,605 | 18,574 |
| Including: | |||
| Institutes at institutions of higher education2 | 1,031 | 1,072 | 1,000 |
As at 07 March 2025