Freedom of movement within the European Union enables EU citizens to take up employment in all member states. In 2024, a total of 7.4 million EU citizens aged 15 and over worked in other EU countries, in which they had not acquired citizenship.
Whether someone decides to migrate in search of employment depends not only on the condition of the domestic labour market, but also on the labour supply in the destination country. Particularly Germany was a popular destination: 2.7 million EU foreigners were employed in Germany in 2024. Spain (0.9 million), Italy (0.7 million) and France (0.6 million) were also important destination countries for employees from other EU states.
Last update: 05.06.2025. More data can be found in the Eurostat database. No recent data for Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia.