Environmental Economic Accounting Environmental protection expenditure per domain

Environmental protection expenditure per domain
Environmental domain¹	2018	2019	2020	2021²	2022³
Environmental domain¹	million euros
1: Classification of Protection Activities and Expenditures (CEPA). 2: Results partly revised. 3: Provisional and partly estimated. 4: Includes for example environmental administration of the federal states.
Protection of ambient air and climate	7,995	9,247	9,622	9,447	6,562
Wastewater management	30,859	31,627	32,174	32,357	34,927
Waste management	27,287	28,436	29,144	29,221	30,964
Protection and remediation of soil, groundwater and surface water	2,263	2,439	2,530	2,544	2,693
Noise and vibration abatement	900	825	868	481	523
Protection of biodiversity and landscapes	1,591	1,738	1,767	2,185	2,474
Protection against radiation	391	394	451	463	552
Environmental research and development	1,515	1,634	1,814	1,987	1,856
Other environmental protection activities⁴	1,362	1,433	1,513	1,649	1,717
Total	74,164	77,773	79,884	80,334	82,268
Percentage share of gross domestic product	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.1

As at 07 February 2025

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